simple question about dictionaries

[skazhy]

hi, i am new to python, so i've a really simple question about
dictionaries.
if i have a dictionary and I make have an input after it (to input
numbers) can i get the key of value that was in input?

somehting like this:
dict = { "key1"=100,"key2"=200,"key3"=300}
a = input()
print 'the key of inputted value is', dict['a']

this syntax of course is wrong, but i hope you got the point..

thanks in advance!

 

[Berco Beute]

Sounds like a school assignment. Find the answer yourself here:
http://diveintopython.org/toc/index.html

You'll learn a lot more in the process.

2B

 

[Jeff]

hi, i am new to python, so i've a really simple question about
dictionaries.
if i have a dictionary and I make have an input after it (to input
numbers) can i get the key of value that was in input?

somehting like this:
dict = { "key1"=100,"key2"=200,"key3"=300}
a = input()
print 'the key of inputted value is', dict['a']

this syntax of course is wrong, but i hope you got the point..

thanks in advance!

I don't think there is a built-in that retrieves dict keys by value,
but if the dictionary were small enough, you could search the list of
key/value pairs returned by dict.items(). You can also iterate
through all pairs with dict.iteritems(), which returns an iterator.
Something like:

def key_by_value(dct, val):
for k, v in dct.iteritems():
if v == val:
return v
throw KeyError('%s not found' % str(val))

 

[Fredrik Lundh]

hi, i am new to python, so i've a really simple question about
dictionaries.
if i have a dictionary and I make have an input after it (to input
numbers) can i get the key of value that was in input?

A dictionary contains (key, value) pairs, and is optimized for quickly
finding the value in a pair, if given the key.

somehting like this:
dict = { "key1"=100,"key2"=200,"key3"=300}

dict() is a built-in function; you're free to reuse the names of such
functions as variable names in Python, but if you do, you won't be able
to use those functions in that part of your program. And in this case,
the dict() built-in might be useful (see below):

a = input()
print 'the key of inputted value is', dict['a']

this syntax of course is wrong, but i hope you got the point..

Assuming that you want the *key* in Python's sense, for a given value,
you can either loop over the dictionary (called D below):

for k, v in D.items():
if v == a:
print 'the key of inputted value is', v
break
else:
print "not found"

or create an reverse mapping and use that (you only have to do this
every time the dictionary changes, of course), e.g.

reverse_D = dict((D[k], k) for k in D)

a = input()
print "the key for value", a, "is", reverse_D[a]

(this doesn't work if you call your dictionary "dict", obviously.)

</F>

 

[Fredrik Lundh]

throw KeyError('%s not found' % str(val))

"throw"? and shouldn't that be a ValueError? ;-)

</F>

 

[Jeff]

"throw"?  and shouldn't that be a ValueError? ;-)

</F>

Whoops. Been working in too many different languages at the same
time .

 

[Jeff]

"throw"?  and shouldn't that be a ValueError? ;-)

</F>

Whoops. Been working in too many different languages at the same
time .

 

[Bruno Desthuilliers]

skazhy a écrit :

hi, i am new to python, so i've a really simple question about
dictionaries.
if i have a dictionary and I make have an input after it (to input
numbers) can i get the key of value that was in input?

What if many keys are associated with a same value, ie:
d = {'a':100, 'b':200, 'c':100}

somehting like this:
dict = { "key1"=100,"key2"=200,"key3"=300}

1/ don't use 'dict' as an indentifier - this shadows the builtin dict type.

2/ the 'dict literal' syntax is:

d = {'key1":100, "key2": 200, "key3":300}

a = input()
print 'the key of inputted value is', dict['a']
>
this syntax of course is wrong, but i hope you got the point..

Assuming you don't have duplicate values, you just need to build a
reverse dictionnary, that is using values as keys and keys as values,
then lookup this dictionnary. The first operation can be done in one
single line.

reversed_d = dict((value, key) for key, value in d.items())