could you fix whatever it is your posting software does?
And what is the issue?
[well, I think the idea is that religion (and morals) still apply to
everyone
whether or not they believe it.]
This is not me, but another poster. So, "bigot" is also not about me
what is the 10% of dietry law that is shared? Macdonald's burgers?
No. Taboo on blood, for instance.
society of interacting intelligent agents. Chimps use IPD even if they
can't draw you the digram or find the right page in Von Newman and
Morgenstern. Probabably nesting sea birds and meercats do too.
Any parallels with animals are null and void for everybody who knows some minor bits of behavioral zoology, like the one from the books by Nobel prize winner Konrad Lorentz.
Animals do not have morals. They only have behavioral mechanisms, which are by far not universal and not governed by IPD.
For instance, many hoofed mammals, and also many species of fish, form the anonymous flocks. They just plain cannot distinguish one animal of their only specie from another. There is no personality for them, not at all. They only feel the _mob_ of the ones like them. Why is so? Due to their ecological niche, like the "plant-eating prarie dwellers" or the "planctone-eating pelagic fish".
Darwin's evolution formed them this way.
Store-making animals like chipmunks are natural egoists and are solitary. Placing 2 chipmunks - even of different gender - to the same cage will lead to a fight between them till one will die.
And this is also connected to their ecology - this mechanism allows them to scatter enough so that each will have a significant personal territory to gather food.
Singing birds also have personal territories in a similar way.
Some animals - like baboons or wolves - live in small groups with hierarchy based on aggression. And again, this is due to their ecology.
Human beings are not such. There is no pre-determination by ecology and by evolution. There are people egoistic like chipmunks, forming hierarchies like baboons and so on.
Instead of this, humans have culture, religion (for me - a part of culture) and the public moral derived from this.
before written legislation there is customary law.
Exactly so, and often it is based on religion - see Deuteronomy.
society will tolerate. Stealing is agreed to be bad. Petty theives are
put in the stocks. Persistent theives or robbers from outside are
mutilated or hanged.
Now note that stocks are gone in the Western (including Russia) world, so are penal mutilations, and the death penalty is conducted in a painless way (yes, firing a bullet to the one's head is painless).
Why? because the _public moral_ have changed.
The public moral of the modern Western world is mainly based on "secular humanism", which is essentially the modern replacement of the religion.
Now compare to Muslim countries where there are still penal mutilations. Note that "agreed to be bad" differs a lot.
My point is this "agreed to be bad" cannot be derived from the IPD, this is not some natural mandatory law like the Newton's gravity. This is based mainly on some historical occurences, sometimes more or less random - if Antiochus IV Epiphanes had a better army (or - vice versa - the Maccabean Jews had worse army), we would have no Judaism, no Christianity and no Islam now. Note that, being a part of the brilliant Hellenistic culture, Antiochus was not a savage at all.
These historical occurences form the human culture, and yes, religion is part of it (the part directly connected to moral).
Questioning the modern religion of secular humanism is also punisheable modern days, as questioning of any religious dogmas in Middle Ages Europe, modern Iran and such. Well, the penalty is not death but the public ostrakism, but still this is a penalty.
The community does this because they agree that
stealing is bad. If you work for a sack of potoatoes you'd like to
keep em (or at least choose who you give them to).
In such basic things - yes (after all, all humans need to it). Now let's look at not-so-basic things like the age of allowed sex - and you will see differences not only between civilizations, but between the US states.
Most societies agree on a core like theft and murder and rape.
Rape? even this is not so basic. I think that the rape of peasant girl by a noble was not punisheable in feudal countries, and surely it was not punisheable to rape a female slave in civilizations where slavery existed. Let's also take the mass rape of the defeated nation's woman by the victors, which occured even in 20th century (and no, the soldier-rapists were not always considered criminals by their own state).
Outside
this core there is variation on adultary, marriage law, inheritance,
property law, common property.
....existence or non-existence of slavery, equality or non-equality etc...
When it comes to religion inspired laws
than dress, food, prayer, sexual orientation etc may all be regulated.
Even things like money lending.
My point is that _nearly everything in this public moral_ is religion-inspired. For instance, the slavery ban in the US North was due to purely religious basis. On the South, there was not so many Quackers, so, Southern people owned slaves - their religion allowed them to do this.
didn't follow that. There's plenty of stuff that isn't to do with
taboos that is the subject of morality.
Public morality is based on taboos.
Or at least people think it should be. Dodgy (but legal) business pratices.
I don't think that the legal business which violates the public moral ever existed, in any country. Things like brothels, drug dealing, rape porn, child porn, animal crushing porn are illegal.
More so, when Toshiba sold the good machine tools to the USSR to allow the latter to make noiseless submarine machinery, Toshiba was squeezed away from the US. Why? Because in American public moral, USSR was a satanic outlawed state. This was not a legal move by the US (under what laws can Americans judge the foreign company which something to another foreign state-owned company?), just pure political will based on pubic moral.
So, business and money is not above all.
whatever. Morals to me appear partially rational (societies that allow
wide scale killing don't last long)
....but societies that allow sex at age 12 lasted very long - Ancient Egypt.
and partly little more than random
choices to exclude the Other (eating pork, painting your lips black
and wearing dark clothes)
I disagree that Kashrut is "to exclude the other", and I also disagree in comparison of Kashrut with the practices of informal youngsters (like the Gothic subculture you mentioned).
Kashrut is _sacred_ to the followers, black lips are not. The Gothic girl can easily abandon her gothic style in favour of the classic one (to a job interview, for instance) without feeling herself a blasphemer (or being considered such by her friends). Youth subcultures are mainly due to lots of free time in youngsters, and bad abilities to structure it and fill it, which cause the sense of dullness.
Also note that, even if others will stop pork eating and doing anything on Saturday, they will not become "non-other" in the eyes of the Jews.
Kashrut is more like the Frazer's taboo.
Morals and religion are not universal recipes for living your life.
There are no universal recipes. Nevertheless, there is a historical facts of, say, ban of sex at age 12 in modern countries, which is not biologically or medically determined (compare to Ancient Egypt).
Or let's take some practices of _banning anything non-classic_ in some circumstances, like the dress code for the bank tellers, or the Soviet ban of woman wearing slacks to enter any party/governemental office. BTW, this is not about sexuality suppression - sexuality boosters like makeup and spiked heels are OK in bank tellers and were such in Soviet structures. It is the suppression of anything non-classic, and maintaining the sense of order and discipline.
Definitely public moral have something in common with such dress codes and similar practices.
I feel you might be trying to come up with a procrustian explanation
for all moral
Sort of. Public moral is derived from the culture, where religion plays very important point. It is not derived from some natural Newton-style laws like the IPD theory or such.
(you consider consuming blood to be "by definition"
immoral)
Not me, but another poster. I only consider this to be a violation of _current modern cultural norms_.