Nick Keighley said:
<snip>
The point I was making is that both law and morality vary from society
to society. I know you'd like to think that morality is a fixed
christian code inarient in time an space for ever. But the fact is
what people (even within you society) thinki is moral ir immoral
varies. This covers sexual mores, drug/alchohol consumption, marriage
and other things.
The biggies like murder and theft are less variable.
this variability seems to be fairly minor, from what I have seen, and
typically there is much more variation within a society than between them...
and morality? Is it moral to have more than one wife. There are some
mormon sects that take multiple wives. Technically illegal. Is it
immoral?
there is not enough information to draw a determination...
"generally assumed" by whom? A few hundred million people of european
cultural descent. Some Morman sects and most of Islam think multiple
wives is perfectly legal an moral.
Paul wrote about it in the NT.
ah, the technical subtleties eluded me.
yeah.
which makes my point. The law has an opinion on extra-marital sex
under sharia yes, but not necessarily in other places or for other
religions.
should it be legally enforced?
doubtful.
it "should" be a social obligation though.
but, I guess in modern times, many youth ignore parents anyways, so this is
weaker.
it's far from universal though (which is my point...)
ok.
ok, thanks for the correction. But my point remains. Not all
christians agree with your "literal interpretation"
differences in doctrinal interpretations are, typically, rarely a big deal.
not going to try to explain this.
this is where the theist and the atheist part company. I don't
actually believe in your "moral cost".
moral costs need not exist supernaturally.
it can also manifest as social, interprersonal, or economic or legal
costs...
for example, being arrested may be considered a cost for an act, just as
well as someone becomming upset may also be a cost, ...
I think I've pretty well demonsatred that it doesn't
not sufficiently.
you have only argued about peoples' opinions of what is and is not moral,
which is very different from the morality of an act itself...
peoples' opinions of something can be dead wrong, but it doesn't change the
matter of whatever is the case...
ah, an easy mistake for an unbeliever. "guilt" to me is an emotional
or legal state not a theological or spiritual one.
all of these may exist.
the legal and spiritual sense are not entirely different, it is just a
question of whos laws and who is the judge...
since I don't believe in this spiritual debt its essentially a non-
existant cost.
yes, but a teenager with some credit cards may try to argue the same thing.
it changes little.
eventually though, it will catch up with them (maybe in this life, maybe
not), and this is what a person may need to be concerned over.
[...] nothing stops a person from being immoral, so long as they
acknowledge this, and accept the respective guilt for doing such.
<--
but should I feel guilty if I do something you view as immoral but I
don't? Do you get to decide my moral code?
-->
most people agree on most things, from what I have observed.
obvious things like murder, rape and theft. But what about sex outside
marriage and other sexual mores?
most are agreed on.
well no actually. Watch some TV sometime. Talk to people who aren't a
member of your church.
most US TV is a show of depravity...
a billion muslims disagree. So do quite a few stricter christian
sects.
nonsense. You live in a very narrow world.
it is only a minority who don't use alcohol in communion, or who don't
practice communion...
I wasn't thinking three laws of robotics but seldon's psycho-history,
a mathematisation of mass psychology.
ok.
because morals are not absolute. Costs and benefits cannot be measured
absolutly. Is it moral to kill one man to save ten? One child? These
things simply don't fit into quantafiable science.
I don't say they are absolute, per-se, but they may be universal.
an inability to measure does not mean that they don't exist, nor that they
exist in some objective manner (similar to the other sciences, or at least
along the lines of sociology or economics, ...).
I don't claim to have exact knowledge as to what the morals are (in terms of
how exactly the system works, what things exactly are moral or immoral, ...
but a rough estimate is possible via things like observation and
classification).
now, as for the guess:
assuming that all 11 in this case were roughly equal weight (equal social
status, with similar level of societal contribution, ...), then killing 1
person to save 10 is a reasonable outcome.
however, there are edge cases, for example, killing 1 CEO to save 10
vagrants would not be a good tradeoff.
a child will typically have a reduced immediate contribution, but will
typically have a higher contribution later on, whereas an older person is
unlikely to provide much contribution (apart from existing status).
thus, the value of a child is likely greater than that of an older person,
.... however, the exact weighting and evaluation is likely to depend on the
other factors involved, ...
but, with a sufficiently detailed model, and a sufficiently complete
definition of the underlying ethics, it may be possible to come to an
unambiguous conclusion as to the best outcome in many such cases.
the problem with applying this strategy at the present time, is that it is
likely to be somewhat inaccurate given limited amounts of information likely
to be available.
the best tradeoff then is to use heuristics and abstractions...
back to the example of someone killing a prostitute: is their any real
way a person can morally justify killing her to save some money, if he
himself had made use of her services. [...]
to take a vigilante stance, one would also need to not make use of
them;
and, to make use of them, one is obligated to pay them.
you are aware that prostitutes are actually people? That killing
someone is murder except in some very exceptional circumstances?
Saving money doesn't seem to count as "very exceptional circumstances"
from where I'm standing.
whether or not a person is a person may not itself matter regarding
ethical
concerns regarding them.
as remarked earlier you people scare me sometimes. The fact that it is
a person being killed *is* entirely relevent to the ethics of the
situation.
well, in this sense, yes.
however, the person can also be abstracted away.
an evaluation need not always consider the topic in question in terms of the
question, but may instead switch out for a suitible analogue.
for example, present and future social contributions, ... could be
considered, as well as possible impacts to friends and family members, on
various companies and systems, ...
then one could attempt to answer:
if this person were gone, what is the most likely overall impact?...
a person commiting an act might also consider how it might hurt or benefit
them, ...
however, in nearly all situations, the outcome is likely to be clear:
this is not a good line of action.
I'm leaving this in simply because it is breathtaking in its arrogant
disregard of anything I'd call morality.
you have any clearly better ideas?...
you seem to be confusing money with morality. How many dollars to
excuse a murder?
well, in most cases, there is not a direct exchange...
just, in physical reality, it would require:
however much to pay off the net balance this person would have eventually
resulted in (although, a person who dies as a debtor could easily give
credit back to the killer on this front);
however much is needed to pacify their friends and family (possibly large),
and would be needed to bribe all people involved not to press charges, ...
the result is, likely fairly large... (for a typical person it could be
easily several $M or more).
from another POV, it would be like:
what if a family member were to disappear, but as a result a large quantity
of money would appear at their door.
people would be unhappy about the loss, but likely still net happy with the
appearance of a large pile of money.
granted, even if someone did so, probably thr creator would still be rather
unhappy with them.
(Catholics would call this a "moral sin", and probably with good reason,
even if their doctrine regarding the matter is likely a bit off...).
so, even if people can keep everyone happy, they may still end up in hell,
so it is a net loss, and the creator can't be bought off with money...
this doesn't seem all that drastic.
the net result is likely to be the same regardless of the exact means of
evaluating the answer...
that *wasn't* a compliment
I must re-read "The Handmaidens Tale". For evil to triumph etc...
hmm...
well, I don't exactly claim to be a supporter of humanist ideals or
similar...